Medicine schedules – which ones need a prescription
Schedules 3 to 8 need a prescription in South Africa; Schedules 0 to 2 normally do not. How over-the-counter and pharmacy rules really work.
Schedule 3 and above is prescription-controlled
In South Africa, Schedule 3 and 4 medicines are prescription-only, and Schedules 5 to 8 carry even tighter controls. Schedule 0 medicines are general sale, while Schedule 1 and 2 medicines normally do not need a prescription but must be supplied through a pharmacy with a pharmacist involved.
Prescription status by schedule
- Schedule 0 – no prescription; general sale, including supermarkets.
- Schedule 1 – no prescription normally needed; pharmacy medicine.
- Schedule 2 – no prescription normally needed; a pharmacist must be involved in the sale.
- Schedule 3 and 4 – prescription required from an authorised prescriber.
- Schedule 5 to 8 – prescription with higher controls on prescribing, dispensing and records.
'Over the counter' is everyday language rather than a legal schedule. A Schedule 2 medicine sits behind the pharmacy counter precisely because the pharmacist's questions are what allow it to be sold without a doctor.
If you are unsure about a product
- Read the S number on the box.
- Ask the pharmacist whether this exact strength and pack needs a prescription.
- Answer the pharmacist's questions about your conditions and other medicines honestly.
- Book a clinic or doctor visit if the medicine you need is Schedule 3 or higher.
Never use someone else's prescription
Common questions
- Is Schedule 2 over the counter?
- Schedule 2 medicines do not normally need a prescription, but they are pharmacy medicines. A pharmacist must be involved in the sale and may ask questions first.
- Does Schedule 3 need a prescription?
- Yes. Schedule 3 is prescription-only in South Africa, so you cannot buy it over the counter.
- Which schedule drugs need a prescription?
- Schedules 3 to 8 need a prescription. Schedules 0 to 2 normally do not, although Schedules 1 and 2 are only supplied through a pharmacy.
Sources
- Medicines and Related Substances Act 101 of 1965, and SAHPRA scheduling guidanceSouth African Health Products Regulatory Authority
- Medicines Online Directory and approved patient information leafletsSouth African Health Products Regulatory Authority
Sources last checked 6 October 2026.